AUTHOR=Balboné Mahamoudou , Soma Dieudonné Diloma , Namountougou Moussa , Drabo Samuel Fogné , Konaté Hamadou , Toe Oumarou , Bayili Koama , Meda Georges Benson , Dabiré Roch Kounbobr , Gnankine Olivier 

TITLE=Essential Oils From Five Local Plants: An Alternative Larvicide for Anopheles gambiae s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Control in Western Burkina Faso

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Tropical Diseases

VOLUME=Volume 3 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/tropical-diseases/articles/10.3389/fitd.2022.853405

DOI=10.3389/fitd.2022.853405

ISSN=2673-7515

ABSTRACT=Introduction: Malaria and dengue are two main vector-borne infectious diseases transmitted by Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti, respectively, in tropical and subtropical regions. The concern for environmental safety and the increasing development of resistance to chemical in main arthropod vectors raises interest in the search for botanicals as Essential Oils (EO) that can be used in vector control.
Methods: Larvicidal bioassays were performed according to World Health Organization (WHO) standard methods using Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae larvae collected in Bobo-Dioulasso and in the Kou Valley (VK) respectively, two areas located in Houet Province of western Burkina Faso. Kisumu and Bora bora, the susceptible strains of An. gambiae and Ae. aegypti respectively, were used as controls. Essential oils (OEs) extracted from leaves of five aromatic plants, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Lippia multiflora, and Ocimum americanum, naturally growing in Burkina Faso were tested. The pyriproxyfen was used as positive control. 
Results: As results, the lethal concentration (LC50) for Ae. aegypti from Bobo-Dioulasso and An. gambiae from VK were ranged from 41.9 to 103.8 ppm and 39.5 to 138.1 ppm, respectively. As for LC90values. they were ranged from 74.6 to 311.3 ppm for Ae aegypti from Bobo-Dioulasso and from 90.2 to 328.9 ppm for An. gambiae from VK. Among the EOs tested, Lippia multiflora showed the highest activity against all the strains of An. gambiae and Ae aegypti larvae. No difference in terms of LC50 values was found between L. multiflora and pyriproxyfen used as positive control on An. gambiae larvae. It is not the case of Aedes aegypti populations where pyriproxyfen remains the most toxic. Overall, An. gambiae populations were most susceptible to EOs tested compared to Ae. Aegypti populations. 
Conclusion: Our study further our knowledge on the larvicide activity of EOs in western part of Burkina and open new avenues in their putative use in vector control strategies.