AUTHOR=Nath Pingal Pratyush , Sinha Aninda , Sinha Urbasi 

TITLE=Certified random number generation using quantum computers

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Quantum Science and Technology

VOLUME=Volume 4 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/quantum-science-and-technology/articles/10.3389/frqst.2025.1661544

DOI=10.3389/frqst.2025.1661544

ISSN=2813-2181

ABSTRACT=We investigate how current noisy quantum computers can be leveraged for generating secure random numbers certified by Quantum Mechanics. While random numbers can be generated and certified in a device-independent manner through the violation of Bell’s inequality, this method requires significant spatial separation to satisfy the no-signaling condition, making it impractical for implementation on a single quantum computer. Instead, we employ temporal correlations to generate randomness by violating the Leggett-Garg inequality, which relies on the No-Signaling in Time condition to certify randomness, thus overcoming spatial constraints. By applying this protocol to different IBMQ platforms, we demonstrate the feasibility of secure, semi-device-independent random number generation using low-depth circuits with single-qubit gates. We show how error mitigation techniques lead to LGI violation compatible with theoretical predictions on the existing IBMQ machines.