AUTHOR=Wu Jiajun , Tlili Ahmed , Salha Soheil , Mizza Daria , Saqr Mohammed , López-Pernas Sonsoles , Huang Ronghuai 

TITLE=Unlocking the potential of artificial intelligence in improving learning achievement in blended learning: a meta-analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Psychology

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1691414

DOI=10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1691414

ISSN=1664-1078

ABSTRACT=IntroductionWhile several studies investigated the effect of blended learning on students’ learning achievement, scant information exists on whether using artificial intelligence (AI) in blended learning could further contribute to the obtained effect.MethodsTo effectively address the challenges and opportunities presented by blended learning and AI, the present study conducts a meta-analysis to systematically examine the impact of AI-enhanced blended learning on students’ learning achievement, considering the significant role of multiple variables in shaping this achievement, including the type of AI technology, instruction duration, research design, and sample size as well as across different educational levels and subject areas. Specifically, 21 studies (N = 2,873 participants) were meta-analyzed.ResultsThe obtained results revealed that AI has a medium effect (g = 0.5) on students’ learning achievement in blended learning. Particularly, personalized systems in blended learning had the highest effect (i.e., large) compared to chatbots and intelligent tutoring systems. Finally, it is seen that the educational context (grade level and educational subject), as well as the experiment type (research design, intervention duration, and sample size), moderate the effect of AI on students’ learning achievement in blended learning.DiscussionThe findings of this study can help researchers and practitioners better understand the effects of AI in blended learning, thereby contributing to a better design of teaching and learning experiences accordingly.