Front. Polit. Sci. Frontiers in Political Science Front. Polit. Sci. 2673-3145 Frontiers Media S.A. 10.3389/fpos.2024.1401714 Political Science Original Research RETRACTED: Civilian protective agency in the communal attacks by the external groups in Kazakhstan Imyarova Zulfiya 1 * † Tutumlu Assel 2 † 1Department Political Science, School of Law and Public Policy, Narxoz University, Almaty, Kazakhstan 2Department of Political Science, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus

Edited by: Raufhon Salahodjaev, Tashkent State Economic University, Uzbekistan

Reviewed by: Uwomano Benjamin Okpevra, Delta State University, Nigeria

Roberta Holanda Maschietto, São Paulo State University, Brazil

 *Correspondence: Zulfiya Imyarova, zulfiya.imyarova@narxoz.kz

†These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship

 05 09 2024 2024 6 1401714 15 03 2024 21 08 2024 Copyright © 2024 Imyarova and Tutumlu. 2024 Imyarova and Tutumlu

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