AUTHOR=Zhao Cenzhu , Wang Man , Zhan Yuchen , Xu Yang , Chen Suning , Wang Qinrong , An Jingnan , Liu Tianhui 

TITLE=A Novel IL3-ETV6 Fusion in Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia Not Otherwise Specified With t(5; 12) (q31; p13): A Case Report and Literature Review

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.887945

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2022.887945

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=Chronic eosinophilic leukemia not otherwise specified (CEL-NOS) is classified as Myeloproliterative Neoplasms (MPN) and refers to chronic eosinophilic leukemia with some atypical recurrent genetic evidence(1). A rare fusion of ACSL6-ETV6 was previously identified in patients with the t(5;12) (q31; p13) karyotype(2). Here, we report a case of CEL-NOS with a translocation of t(5;12) (q31; p13) and identify IL3-ETV6 transcription, which has not been identified in hematologic diseases. In this patient, a high level of IL3 expression and eosinophilia were observed. After failing treatment with dasatinib, the patient was given hydroxyurea (HU). Subsequently his white blood cell (WBC) and eosinophils decreased significantly and remained in the normal range until publication. During the tratment,the PEG-interferon (PEG-IFN) was used as a replacement. What’s more, by summarizing the case of our patient and those of the other 23 patients with the same karyotype of t(5; 12) (q31; p13), we found that most of them had similar clinical manifestations of eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) insensitivity. The ectopic expression of IL3 may be the main cause of eosinophilia, and HU and prednisone acetate (PAT), as well as IFN, were considered treatments for this group.