AUTHOR=Teh Shunxing , Inn Fam Xeng , Rizuana Iqbal Hussain , WM Wan Muhaizan 

TITLE=A rare case of prostate neuroendocrine tumor: A case report

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.1009146

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2022.1009146

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=Small cell prostate neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCPC) is a rare, highly aggressive  malignant tumour. We present a case of a 52-year-old Iranian man, presented with complaints of occasional gross haematuria and perineal pain for 6 months. PSA reading was 0.8 ng/ml. Digital rectal examination found a huge and hard prostate mass. He underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy of the prostate. Histopathology result showed high grade small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Immunohistochemical markers were positive for Synaptophysin with a Ki67 index of almost 100%. However, CD 56 and Chromogranin A markers were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate showed prostate mass with invasion to the rectum; while contrast enhanced computed tomography of the thorax, abdomen and pelvis(CT TAP) ruled out metastasis. A multidisciplinary team discussion was carried out and decision was made for concurrent radiation and chemotherapy. There is a lack of consensus on  the management  of SCPC. The main modality of management is concurrent radiation and chemotherapy in view of the majority of cases presented in late stages. It is highly aggressive, with poor responses to hormonal therapy and carries a poor prognosis.