AUTHOR=Kooshkaki Omid , Derakhshani Afshin , Conradie Andelé Marie , Hemmat Nima , Barreto Savio George , Baghbanzadeh Amir , Singh Pankaj Kumar , Safarpour Hossein , Asadzadeh Zahra , Najafi Souzan , Brunetti Oronzo , Racanelli Vito , Silvestris Nicola , Baradaran Behzad 

TITLE=Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Brief Review of the Clinical Manifestations and Pathogenesis to the Novel Management Approaches and Treatments 

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2020

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.572329

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2020.572329

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=The recent outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) inChina, which spread to the rest of the world, led the World Health Organization (WHO) to classify it as a global pandemic. COVID-19 belongs to the Bettacoronavirusgenus of Coronaviridae familyand is mainly spreads through the respiratory tract. Studies have now confirmed a human-to-human transmission as the primary pathway of spread. COVID-19 patients with a history of diseases like respiratory system diseases, immune deficiency, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer are prone to adverse events (admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) requiring invasive ventilation and even death). The current focus has been on the development of novel therapeutics,including antivirals, monoclonal antibodies, and vaccines. However, while there is undoubtedly an urgent need not to identify effective treatment options against infection with COVID-19, it is equally important to clarify management protocols for the other significant diseases these patients may suffer from, including cancer. This review summarizesthe current evidence about the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management of patients with COVID-19. It also aims to provide the reader with insights into COVID-19 in pregnant patients and those with cancer outlining necessary precautions relevant to cancer patients. Finally, we provide the available evidence on the latest potent antiviral drugs and vaccines of COVID-19 and the ongoing drug trials.