This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
When the laser was invented in 1960 by Theodore H. Maiman, the potential applications of this apparatus were far from clear. Indeed, even 4 years later, Maiman himself, in an interview with
Nearly 64 years later, it is safe to say that the laser’s influence on our everyday lives has been nearly beyond measure. Lasers are integral to CD and DVD readers, barcode readers, many computer printers, speed and distance sensors, and in various entertainment systems used in concerts and other events.
Lasers have found countless uses in science and technology as well. Lasers enabled the transformation of telecommunications from a technology based around electronics to a technology based largely around optics. Laser-based spectroscopic techniques have vastly increased our understanding of matter, from atoms and molecules to materials. Lasers opened the door to performing clean mass-spectrometric analysis of large molecules. Lasers have revolutionized fluorescence imaging, and enabled remarkable improvements in the resolution of fluorescence and other microscopies. Lasers can be used to trap and manipulate microscopic objects, to cool atoms to remarkably low temperatures, and to store information in three dimensions at unrivaled densities.
Yet another key application of lasers is in the transformation of matter. Lasers can be used to drive both photochemical and photophysical processes in a manner that cannot be achieved by conventional energy sources. Lasers are used for materials-transformation processes as disparate as welding and surgery. Lasers can be used to remove materials in subtractive manufacturing and to deposit and/or transfer materials in additive manufacturing.
This Research Topic celebrates the use of lasers in cutting-edge applications in nanofabrication. Advances over the past two decades have paved the way for using tightly-focused laser beams to create 2D and 3D patterns with feature sizes and resolution that can be substantially smaller than the wavelength of the light employed. The articles in this Research Topic cover the nanopatterning of a broad array of materials, including metals, semiconductors, proteins, and colloidal crystals. These articles give a flavor of the sophistication that has been achieved in laser-based nanofabrication. The future of this field is indeed a bright one.
JF: Conceptualization, Writing–original draft, Writing–review and editing. KS: Conceptualization, Writing–review and editing. YL: Conceptualization, Writing–review and editing.
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.