Front. Microbiol. Frontiers in Microbiology Front. Microbiol. 1664-302X Frontiers Media S.A. 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1812892 Retraction Retraction: Low temperature synthesis of superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and their ROS mediated inhibition of biofilm formed by food-associated bacteria Frontiers Editorial Office * Correspondence: Frontiers Editorial Office, research.integrity@frontiersin.org 26 02 2026 2026 17 1812892 17 02 2026 18 02 2026 Copyright © 2026 Frontiers Editorial Office. 2026 Frontiers Editorial Office https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. A Retraction of the Original Research Article Low temperature synthesis of superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and their ROS mediated inhibition of biofilm formed by food-associated bacteria by Al-Shabib, N. A., Husain, F. M., Ahmed, F., Khan, R. A., Khan, M. S., Ansari, F. A., Alam, M. Z., Ahmed, M. A., Khan, M. S., Baig, M. H., Khan, J. M., Shahzad, S. A., Arshad, M., Alyousef, A., and Ahmad, I. (2018). Front. Microbiol. 9:2567. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02567 section-at-acceptance Antimicrobials, Resistance and Chemotherapy

The journal retracts the 05 November 2018 article cited above. Following publication, concerns were raised regarding the integrity of the images in the published figures. Image duplication concerns were identified in Figure 7B. The authors failed to provide a satisfactory explanation during the investigation, which was conducted in accordance with Frontiers' policies. As a result, the data and conclusions of the article have been deemed unreliable and the article has been retracted.

This retraction was approved by the Chief Editors of Frontiers in Microbiology and the Chief Executive Editor of Frontiers. The authors do not agree to this retraction.

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