AUTHOR=Trives-Folguera Laura , Muñoz-Fernández Santiago , Esteban-Ortega María del Mar , Coca-Serrano Raquel , Cobo-Ibañez Tatiana , Vergara-Dangond Cristina , Romero-Bogado Liz , de la Cámara-Fernández Isabel , Richi Patricia , Paredes María Beatriz , Esteban-Vazquez Ana , Acosta Ana Valeria , Najera Gabriela Cueva , José Marco Algarra San , González-Martín Jorge Juan , Franco Gomez Karen N. , Bogas Schay Patricia , Shukair Harb Tamara , Thuissard-Vasallo Israel , Steiner Martina 

TITLE=Choroidal thickness as a biomarker of systemic inflammation in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1689327

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2025.1689327

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=ObjectiveChoroidal thickness (CT) varies with systemic inflammatory activity in diseases such as spondyloarthritis, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker. This study aimed to evaluate changes in CT in patients recently diagnosed with Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) who are undergoing corticosteroid therapy, over a six-month follow-up period.MethodsIt is a prospective, observational, longitudinal pilot study including 20 patients with recent PMR diagnosis from two centres. All participants met PMR classification criteria. Participants underwent three visits: at diagnosis (baseline), at 3 and 6 months after starting corticosteroids. Each visit included physical examination, musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK US) of shoulders and hips, blood tests including C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrosedimentation rate (ESR) and CT measurement by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Disease activity was assessed using the PMR Activity Score (PMR-AS) and its imputed version.ResultsMean baseline CT was 242.10 ± 79.05 μm. Choroidal thickness decreased significantly after 3 months (229.85 ± 79.01 μm, p = 0.017) and after 6 months (220.37 ± 75.96 μm, p = 0.014) of corticosteroid treatment. We found a significant decrease in all laboratory and clinical parameters. Concordance between CT, CRP, and PMR-AS was 95%. Rotator cuff pathology does not appear to influence on evolution of MSK US bicipital tenosynovitis inflammatory findings neither in pain.ConclusionWe found that CT was high in patients with recent diagnosis of PMR and decreases significantly after 3 and 6 months of corticosteroid therapy. There is a 95% of concordance between CT and CRP as well as between CT and PMR activity scores. Our findings suggest that CT is useful as a noninvasive, imaging-based biomarker of systemic inflammation in patients with PMR. More studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.