This study utilizes data from the Core Collection of Web of science), focusing specifically on studies, including both articles and reviews, published between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2023, exclusively in English. The formula of searching: TS = [“ovarian cancer” OR “ovarian tumor” OR “ovarian neoplasm” OR “malignant neoplasm of ovarian”] AND “immunotherapy” OR “immunotherapeutic” OR “immunotherapeutic response” OR “immunotherapeutic target”]. the specific process outlined in the flowchart is shown in Figure 1 .

The search terms employed in this study were meticulously selected to formulate a comprehensive search strategy aimed at encompassing a broad spectrum of literature relevant to trends in immunotherapy for ovarian cancer.

We downloaded data in TXT format from the Web of Science, and used VOSViewer version 1.6.20, as a software application that generates maps of scholarly works. VOSviewer focuses on a graphical representation to illustrate bibliometric relationships within its user interface (18). This tool facilitated the creation of network visualization maps for analyzing co-authorship, co-occurrence, and co-cited entities, including countries/regions, institutions, authors, and keywords of interest. In these visualization maps, node size corresponds to the frequency of relevant elements, chain thickness indicates the strength of connections, and node color represents affiliation with distinct modules. This approach enables a comprehensive examination of collaborative relationships, thematic intersections, and influential entities within the scholarly landscape, thereby enhancing our understanding of research network dynamics on a broader scale.

VOS viewer software was employed for the generation of visualizations depicting the results of co-occurrence data analysis. The presented visual representation takes the form of a map, showcasing each keyword in distinct colors. The size of individual keyword clusters on the map correlates directly with their frequency of appearance in the article. Additionally, the spatial closeness of two keywords on the visualization map functions as an indicative measure of their co-occurrence. This method of visualization provides a nuanced understanding of the interrelationships between keywords, facilitating the identification of thematic concentrations and patterns emerging from the analyzed data.

This article offers a thorough review and assessment of the research topic, conducting in-depth analyses of publishing models, institutional influences, country trends, keyword usage, and author patterns. The evaluation explores the intricacies of academic contributions, institutional impacts, and regional disparities, unveiling essential dimensions that mold the research landscape within specific fields. The adoption of bibliometric methods serves as a robust framework for systematically gauging academic impact and discerning significant trends. This approach contributes to a detailed understanding of research prospects associated with the examined topic, providing valuable insights for the scholarly community and practitioners alike.

In our study, 8416 articles were incorporated, encompassing 5,588 research articles and 2,828 reviews with a focus on immunotherapy and ovarian cancer. The volume of publications related to immunotherapy and ovarian cancer exhibited an upward trajectory from 2019 to 2022. Notably, the data reveals a downturn in publications for the year 2023. Within the year 2022, a pinnacle was reached with a publication count of 2,106 articles, marking it as the year with the highest scholarly output. However, in 2023, a noticeable decline in the number of publications became apparent. A comprehensive depiction of this information is elucidated in Figure 2 , providing a visual representation of the temporal trends in the scholarly contributions to the field.

Throughout the period from 2019 to 2023, a total of 48,238 authors have actively contributed to publications within the designated topic. Figure 3B delineates the top 20 authors, ranked according to their prolificacy in the realm of immunotherapy and ovarian carcinoma research. Notably, Zhang Y emerges as a frontrunner, boasting an impressive 125 published documents, exemplifying a substantial impact on the field. Close behind is Wang Y with 106 publications, securing the second position, while LiY occupies the third position with 84 publications. To provide a visual representation of the collaborative ties among these leading authors, Figure 3A illustrates the co-authorship connections within the top 20 authors in this comprehensive study.

Over the last five years,118 nations have Provided contributions to the publication of papers in the designated Domain. Figure 4B provides an overview of the top 20 countries, systematically ranked based on their publication counts. The People’s Republic of China secures the foremost position with an impressive 3,167 publications, demonstrating a substantial research output. Following closely is Germany, contributing significantly with 558 publications, and Italy claiming the third position with 547 publications. Other notable contributors include England, Canada, and France, each presenting a substantial number of publications with 342, 284, and 268 documents, respectively. Additionally, South Korea, Netherlands, Spain, and Japan stand out among the top 20 countries in terms of scholarly contributions. To visually elucidate the collaborative connections between countries, Figure 4A offers a comprehensive representation of co-authorship networks within this global research landscape.

The institution boasting the highest volume of publications is the University of Taxes, having authored 241 articles, constituting a substantial proportion of the overall publications. The People’s Republic of China occupies 10 positions within the top 20 institutions, contributing 1,668 articles. Following closely in the second and third positions are the United States of America and Germany, respectively. Figure 5A visually articulates the correlation between the timeline and the volume of articles produced. The top 5 institutions, contributing significantly to the scholarly output, include University of Texas, Harvard University, Fudan University, University of California, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Figure 5B shows the top 20 most highly active institutions in the field, further emphasizing the influential contributions of these institutions.

A total of 12,732 keywords are presented in Figure 6 . The keywords were categorized into four distinct and color-coded clusters following keyword clustering analysis: blue, purple, green, and yellow. The dark blue cluster primarily encompasses terms like ‘immune checkpoint inhibitors’, ‘CRISPR-Cas9’, and ‘blinatumomab’. These terms were frequently used around mid-2020. the light blue cluster, keywords include terms like ‘t cells’, ‘dendritic cells’, and ‘tumor-infiltrating’. These terms were prevalent from early 2021 to mid-2021. The purple cluster includes terms like ‘PARP inhibitors, ‘hormone therapy’, and ‘targeted therapies. These terms used slightly more recently than the dark blue cluster, around late 2020 to early 2021. The green cluster keyword includes terms like ‘immunotherapy’, ‘adjuvants’, and ‘Nano vaccine’. These terms are commonly used around mid-2021 to early 2022. While the yellow cluster keywords include terms like ‘pan-cancer’, ‘prognostic signature’, and ‘necroptosis’. These terms indicate that have become prominent more recently, closer to 2022. This analytical approach provides a comprehensive understanding of key themes and concepts in the trend of immunotherapy in ovarian cancer. The visually represented clusters aid in identifying cohesive groups of keywords, assisting researchers in navigating and comprehending the multifaceted landscape of this scholarly domain. Table 1 highlights the top 20 keywords in cancer immunotherapy research.

It is estimated that 15,09 journals have disseminated Documents associated with this topic, with Table 2 highlighting the top 20 most productive journals for immunotherapy and ovarian cancer research. Leading the list is the Journal of Frontiers Immunology, contributing a noteworthy 546 publications (IF=5.7, 6.40%). Following closely is the Cancers Journal (IF=4.5, 5.5%) and Frontiers in Oncology (IF=3.5, 3.2%) with 468 and 270 publications, respectively. International journal of Molecular Sciences ranks as the fourth most published journal with 217 publications, succeeded by the Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer with 194 publications. The Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Journal boasts the top-related impact factor (IF: 81.1), afterward annals of oncology (IF=56.7). The United States of America claims 8 positions within the top 20 most co-cited journals in this field. Figure 7 provides a visualization map illustrating the contribution of journals, offering a dynamic representation of their interconnection and impact within the scholarly landscape.

In the past five years, 8,416 documents and papers have been Published in the field of immunotherapy for ovarian carcinoma. Table 3 presents 20 of the most extensively cited documents, highlighting the impactful contributions within the scholarly landscape. The document titled “CAR-T cell therapy: current limitations and potential strategies” holds the leading position, published in the Blood Cancer Journal in 2021 with an impact factor of 12.9 and accumulating 889 citations. This groundbreaking study emphasizes immunotherapy’s significance as a crucial cancer treatment. Following closely is the second most cited document, “Epithelial ovarian cancer: Evolution of management in the era of precision medicine” published in Cancer Journal for Clinicians New in 2019, boasting an impact factor of 503.1 and garnered 841 citations. This document presents a comprehensive overview of advancements in managing epithelial ovarian cancer, particularly in precision medicine.

Ranked third is the document titled “In situ sprayed bio responsive immunotherapeutic gel for post-surgical cancer treatment,” published in Nature Nanotechnology in 2019, holding an impact factor of 38.1, it has accumulated 694 citations. This report explores innovative post-surgical treatments using bio-responsive immunotherapeutic gels, offering promising strategies for improving patient outcomes. Figure 8 visually presents knowledge maps of these widely referenced documents, offering a comprehensive overview of their interconnected themes and contributions. This visualization aids in understanding the key areas of focus and the relationships between influential studies in the field.