AUTHOR=Chaves Maria , Hashish Amro , Goraichuk Iryna V. , Casserta Leonardo Cardia , Mears Megan C. , Gadu Eman , Bakre Abhijeet , Alexander Morris Ellen Ruth , Shelkamy Mostafa M. S. , Nadendla Swathi , Perez Daniel R. , El-Gazzar Mohamed 

TITLE=Nanopore sequencing in veterinary medicine: from concepts to clinical applications

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=Volume 15 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1701570

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2025.1701570

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) stands at the forefront of third-generation sequencing, utilizing a nanopore sequencing approach to achieve high-throughput DNA and RNA sequencing. This technology offers several key advantages, including real-time data generation, portability, and long-read capabilities, making it an increasingly valuable tool for a wide range of applications. This review will focus on the use of ONT in veterinary diagnostics exploring the evolving applications of ONT in veterinary medicine and its use in detecting viral and bacterial pathogens, antimicrobial resistance profiling, foodborne disease surveillance, and metagenomic analysis. We provide an overview of the diverse sequencing workflows available, from sample preparation to bioinformatics analysis, and highlight their advantages over traditional sequencing methods. While powerful, nanopore sequencing does present challenges such as error rates, barcode crosstalk, and workflow complexities. This review will address these issues and discuss potential future developments, as well as the long-term impact of ONT on the field of genomics. As nanopore sequencing technology continues to advance, its role in veterinary diagnostics is expected to expand significantly, leading to improvements in disease surveillance, outbreak response, and contributions to crucial One Health initiatives.