AUTHOR=Rong Yao , Sun Yang , Liu Gang , Liu Jinzhi , Wang Kui , Xie Chunyan 

TITLE=Electromagnetic wave response and intelligent recognition of defects at reconstructed and expanded roadbed junctions

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Built Environment

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/built-environment/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1679410

DOI=10.3389/fbuil.2025.1679410

ISSN=2297-3362

ABSTRACT=During the reconstruction and expansion of expressways, defects at the roadbed junction can compromise driving safety and significantly reduce the service life of the road. Based on engineering cases, a generalized model of the defective reconstructed and expanded roadbed junction was developed, and the propagation simulation of electromagnetic waves in the defective roadbed junction was performed using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The simulation results demonstrated that the electromagnetic waves formed two sets of parallel convex hyperbolas at the circular cavity defects. The presence of non-compactness defects caused the overall reflected wave signal to exhibit an imaging characteristic with a clear upper section and a blurred lower section. In addition, electromagnetic waves manifested as multiple nearly parallel convex hyperbolas near the vertical cracks. On this basis, by integrating numerical simulation results with field-measured data, a comprehensive dataset encompassing various types of defects was established. Following the optimization of the YOLO algorithm training model, the identification accuracy rates for void, non-compactness, and crack defects reached 97%, 99%, and 99%, respectively. The new method proposed in this study has universal reference value and application potential for road defect detection under different geological conditions and construction standards.