AUTHOR=Rýdlo Ondřej , Bubeníková Adéla , Skalický Petr , Häcklová Klára , Leško Robért , Vlasák Aleš , Georgi Hana , Bradáč Ondřej 

TITLE=Challenges in neuropsychological improvement after shunt surgery for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

VOLUME=Volume 17 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1725486

DOI=10.3389/fnagi.2025.1725486

ISSN=1663-4365

ABSTRACT=ObjectivesTo evaluate cognitive and mood changes 3 months after shunting for idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), and compare postoperative outcomes with matched healthy controls across cognitive domains.MethodsThirty-three iNPH patients underwent neuropsychological testing preoperatively and at 3 months; 71 age-, sex-, and education-matched controls were assessed once. Tests were grouped into six cognitive domains.ResultsShunting yielded significant gains in Verbal Memory and Psychomotor Pace; Executive Functions improved selectively. Non-Verbal Memory, Language, and Visuospatial Abilities showed no postoperative change. Depressive symptoms decreased significantly. However, at 3 months patients still performed worse than controls on all tests (all p < 0.001).ConclusionShunt surgery produces measurable yet domain-limited cognitive benefits in iNPH at 3 months, particularly in verbal learning and processing speed, alongside mood improvement. Performance remains below healthy norms, indicating partial recovery. Larger, prospective cohorts and longer follow-up are needed to determine durability, breadth of cognitive change, and predictors of response.